Java Operators and Expression - Types of Operators

Java provides a rich set of operators to manipulate variables. We can divide all Java operators into the following categories −

• arithmetic operator
• relational operator
• bitwise operator
• Logical Operators
• assignment operator
• other operators

1. Arithmetic operators

Arithmetic operators are used in mathematical expressions in the same way as in algebra. The following table lists the usage examples of arithmetic operators −

Suppose the value of the integer type variable A is: 10, and the value of the variable B is: 20, then -

Java Arithmetic Example

2. Relational operators

The Java language supports the following relational operators. Assuming the value of the variable A is 10 , the value of the variable B is 20then -

Relational Operator Sample examples

3. Bitwise operators

Java defines several bitwise operators that can be applied to integer types such as: long, int, short, charand byte. Bitwise operators manipulate bits and perform bitwise operations. Assuming a = 60 and b = 13; are in binary format, they will be as follows -

a = 0011 1100

b = 0000 1101

-----------------

a&b = 0000 1100

a|b = 0011 1101

a^b = 0011 0001

~a  = 1100 0011

The bitwise operators are listed in the table below, assuming an integer variable A=60, variable B=13, then −

Bitwise operator  Example

4. Logical operators

The following table lists the logical operators −

Assuming the value of the Boolean variable ,the value of the A is: true and variable B is: false, then -

Logical operator sample examples

5. Assignment operator

Following are the assignment operators supported by Java language −

Assignment operator example code

6. Other operators

There are few other operators supported by the Java language.

6.1. The conditional operator (?:)

The conditional operator is also known as the ternary operator. This operator consists of three operands and evaluates a Boolean expression. The goal of the operator is to determine which value should be assigned to the variable. The operator is written as -

variable x = (expression) ? value if true : value if false

Here is a sample code:

public class Test {

   public static void main(String args[]) {
      int a, b;
      a = 10;
      b = (a == 1) ? 20: 30;
      System.out.println( "Value of b is : " +  b );

      b = (a == 10) ? 20: 30;
      System.out.println( "Value of b is : " + b );
   }
}

Execute the above sample code and get the following result −

Value of b is : 30
Value of b is : 20

6.2. The instanceof operator
This operator is only used for object reference variables. operator checks whether an object is of a specific type (class type or interface type). instanceof The operator is written as -

( Object reference variable ) instanceof  (class/interface type)

Evaluates true if the variable on the left side of the operator refers to an object of the class/interface type on the right side. Following is an example −

public class Test {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      String name = "Kobe";

      
      boolean result = name instanceof String;
      System.out.println( result );
   }
}

Execute the above sample code and get the following results:

true

This operator will still return if the objects being compared are compatible with the type on the right true. Following is another example -

class Vehicle {}

public class Car extends Vehicle {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      Vehicle a = new Car();
      boolean result =  a instanceof Car;
      System.out.println( result );
   }
}

Executing the sample code above yields the following results:

true