In thig go lang tutorials we will learn about Strings. String is a data type that can be used to store alphanumeric characters. In this example, the variable called name is using string data type.
var name string = "Nadir sha"
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In Go, there are two main packages that can be used together with string including strconv and strings.
The strconv package
This package is used to convert a certain data type into string and vice versa. In this example, the integer is converted into string data type using Itoa() method.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strconv"
)
func main() {
var number int = 33
// convert int into string data type
var stringNumber string = strconv.Itoa(number)
fmt.Println("Convert result: ", stringNumber)
}
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Output
Convert result: 33
In order to convert string into another type like integer, the Atoi() method can be used.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strconv"
)
func main() {
var number string = "456"
num, err := strconv.Atoi(number)
// if error occurred, show the error message
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("Conversion failed: ", err.Error())
}
fmt.Println("Convert result: ", num)
}
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Output
Convert result: 456 |
The strings package
This package is used to perform string manipulation. There are many methods that can be used in this package.
Using Split()
The Split() method is used to split a certain string based on a specified separator. The result from this method will be a list of strings or slice of strings.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
var name string = "Nadir sha"
var result []string = strings.Split(name, "")
fmt.Println("The result: ", result)
}
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Output
The result: [N a d i r s h a]
Using Contains()
The Contains() method is used to check if certain substring or characters exists inside specified string. This method is returning true if certain substring exists whilst if the substring is not exists the false is returned.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
var name string = "john doe"
var isExists bool = strings.Contains(name, "doe")
fmt.Println("The result: ", isExists)
}
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Output
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Using Compare()
The Compare() method is used to compare two strings. If the two strings are equal, the 0 is returned.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
var password string = "secret"
var confirmationPass string = "secret"
var result int = strings.Compare(password, confirmationPass)
if result == 0 {
fmt.Println("The two strings are equal")
}
}
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Output
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Using ToUpper()
The toUpper() method can be used to convert all characters into uppercase characters.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
var name string = "nathan mckane"
var result string = strings.ToUpper(name)
fmt.Println("result:", result)
}
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Output
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Using ToLower()
The toLower() method can be used to convert all characters into lowercase characters
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
var name string = "fIrStNaMe lasTnAmE"
var result string = strings.ToLower(name)
fmt.Println("result:", result)
}
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Output
result: firstname lastname
Using Replace()
The Replace() method can be used to replace certain string with another string. In this method, the number of string that will be replaced can be defined.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
// in this string, there are two words called "world"
var text string = "hello world, what a beautiful world"
// replace word "world" with "guys!"
// replace 1 word that equals "world"
var result string = strings.Replace(text, "world", "guys!", 1)
fmt.Println("The result: ", result)
}
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Output
The result: hello guys!, what a beautiful world
Using ReplaceAll()
The ReplaceAll() method is used to replace all the certain string with the new string.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
var text string = "hello guest, have a nice day guest!"
// replace the "guest" words with "joe"
var result string = strings.ReplaceAll(text, "guest", "joe")
fmt.Println("Result: ", result)
}
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Output
Result: hello joe, have a nice day joe!
I hope this article is helpful to learn String in Go Programming Language.
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