Dart network programming
- TCP server
- TCP client
- UDP server
- UDP client
- HTTP server and request
- WebSocket
- Server
- Client
Dart network programming
The following provides various code examples of Dart's network programming. For specific protocol knowledge, please learn by yourself.
TCP server
|
import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';
void main() {
ServerSocket.bind(InternetAddress.loopbackIPv4, 8081)
.then((serverSocket) {
serverSocket.listen((socket) {
socket.cast<List<int>>().transform(utf8.decoder).listen(print);
});
});
}
|
The above is a concise example, not very clear, equivalent to the following code
|
import 'dart:io';
import 'dart:convert';
void main() {
startTCPServer();
}
//TCp
void startTCPServer() async{
ServerSocket serverSocket = await ServerSocket.bind(InternetAddress.loopbackIPv4, 8081);
await for(Socket socket in serverSocket) {
socket.cast<List<int>>().transform(utf8.decoder).listen((data) {
print("from ${socket.remoteAddress.address} data:" + data);
socket.add(utf8.encode('hello client!'));
});
}
}
|
TCP client
The corresponding concise expression is as follows
|
import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';
void main() {
Socket.connect('127.0.0.1', 8081).then((socket) {
socket.write('Hello, Server!');
socket.cast<List<int>>().transform(utf8.decoder).listen(print);
});
}
import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';
void main() {
startTCPClient();
}
void startTCPClient() async {
Socket socket = await Socket.connect('127.0.0.1', 8081);
socket.write('Hello, Server!');
socket.cast<List<int>>().transform(utf8.decoder).listen(print);
}
|
UDP server
|
import 'dart:io';
import 'dart:convert';
void main() {
startUDPServer();
}
// UDP
void startUDPServer() async {
RawDatagramSocket rawDgramSocket = await RawDatagramSocket.bind(InternetAddress.loopbackIPv4, 8081);
await for (RawSocketEvent event in rawDgramSocket) {
if(event == RawSocketEvent.read) {
print(utf8.decode(rawDgramSocket.receive().data));
rawDgramSocket.send(utf8.encode("UDP Server:already received!"), InternetAddress.loopbackIPv4, 8082);
}
}
}
|
UDP client
|
import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';
void main() {
startUDPClent();
}
// UDP
void startUDPClent() async {
RawDatagramSocket rawDgramSocket = await RawDatagramSocket.bind('127.0.0.1', 8082);
rawDgramSocket.send(utf8.encode("hello,world!"), InternetAddress('127.0.0.1'), 8081);
await for (RawSocketEvent event in rawDgramSocket) {
if(event == RawSocketEvent.read) {
print(utf8.decode(rawDgramSocket.receive().data));
}
}
}
|
HTTP server and request
|
import 'dart:io';
void main() {
HttpServer
.bind(InternetAddress.loopbackIPv4, 8080)
.then((server) {
server.listen((HttpRequest request) {
print(request.uri.path);
if(request.uri.path.startsWith("/greet")){
var subPathList = request.uri.path.split("/");
if(subPathList.length >=3){
request.response.write('Hello, ${subPathList[2]}');
request.response.close();
}else{
request.response.write('Hello, ');
request.response.close();
}
}else{
request.response.write('Welcome to test server!');
request.response.close();
}
});
});
}
|
Browser input https://localhost:8080/greet/myaccess
The above is to use the browser to send a request to the server, then we use the code to simulate the browser to send the request
|
import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';
void main() {
HttpClient client = HttpClient();
client.getUrl(Uri.parse("https://www.rrtutors.com/"))
.then((HttpClientRequest request) {
request.headers.add(HttpHeaders.userAgentHeader,
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36");
return request.close();
})
.then((HttpClientResponse response) {
response.transform(utf8.decoder).listen((contents) {
print(contents);
});
});
}
|
Usually, we will not directly use the httpnetwork request API provided by the Dart standard library , because the standard library library is still too cumbersome to use, and the third-party library is more concise and powerful. On Flutter, the main use of the diolibrary, the function is very powerful, in addition can also use the official httplibrary, more concise and refined, the link is as follows
WebSocket
WebSocket is a protocol for full-duplex communication on a single TCP connection . Its appearance allows both the client and the server to actively push messages, which can be text or binary data. And there is no limitation of the same-origin policy, and there is no cross-domain problem. The identifier of the agreement is . Like https if encrypted .wswxs
WebSocket is an independent protocol created on TCP.
Websocket handshake through the 101 status code of HTTP / 1.1 protocol.
In order to create a Websocket connection, a request needs to be sent through the browser, and then the server responds. This process is usually called "handshaking"
Server
The Web socket server uses a normal HTTP server to accept Web socket connections. The initial handshake is an HTTP request, which is then upgraded to a Web socket connection. The server uses the WebSocketTransformer upgrade request and listens to the data on the returned Web socket
|
import 'dart:io';
void main() async {
HttpServer server = await HttpServer.bind(InternetAddress.loopbackIPv4, 8083);
await for (HttpRequest req in server) {
if (req.uri.path == '/ws') {
WebSocket socket = await WebSocketTransformer.upgrade(req);
socket.listen((data) {
print("from IP ${req.connectionInfo.remoteAddress.address}:${data}");
socket.add("WebSocket Server:already received!");
});
}
}
}
|
Client
|
import 'dart:io';
void main() async {
WebSocket socket = await WebSocket.connect('ws://127.0.0.1:8083/ws');
socket.add('Hello, World!');
await for (var data in socket) {
print("from Server: $data");
socket.close();
}
}
|
